How to carry out transmission maintenance
1, according to JB/Z194-83, combined with the actual maintenance, should follow the following provisions:
(1) Daily maintenance: check the oil low shell oil level;
(2)50 hours (or weekly) : check whether the variable speed control handle is flexible and effective;
(3)250 hours (only after the first 250 hours of work) : clean the transmission oil pan and the transmission oil filter element;
(4)500 hours: clean the oil pan filter and replace the transmission fluid;
(5)2000 hours: disassemble and inspect the gearbox and torque converter.
2, hydraulic transmission oil is the normal work of the transmission of the energy carrier, in the hydraulic transmission system, the working liquid pressure, temperature and flow determine whether the transmission can work normally, so in the daily maintenance of the transmission, special attention should be paid to the inspection and replacement of hydraulic transmission oil.
(1) Fixed oil change interval Oil change at the correct time interval is the key to the longest working life of the parts in the gearbox. Only by ensuring a reasonable oil change interval can the lubrication and protection characteristics of the lubricating oil be brought into play. Under normal circumstances, it should be based on the maintenance cycle recommended by the manufacturer of the whole machine, but this can only be relative, and it must be combined with the analysis results of the oil sample extraction to know the actual work. For example, the maintenance manual requires that the oil change interval of the gearbox is 500h, and we sample the oil sample every 250h or 100h according to the operation of the loader to determine when to change the oil, but the oil should be replaced immediately when it is used to 1000h. In addition to the regular replacement of new oil, in the usual inspection, if the oil is found to be deteriorated or mixed with impurities, it should also be cleaned and checked, and replaced with new oil.
(2) When using the correct discharge and oil change method to discharge oil, the oil temperature should reach 40 ~ 50 ° C, and the oil flow should be discharged in the case of agitation, and the dirty oil should be completely emptied as far as possible; When refueling, a refueling machine with a filter device should be used to add oil.
(3) Use the correct transmission system oil, and the lubricating oil used in the gearbox must meet the specifications. It should be noted that the diesel engine oil cannot be added to the gearbox, because the diesel engine oil will reduce the friction between the moving parts such as the piston, and the transmission oil will allow the friction between the friction plates to have a certain friction when combined, the friction is essential for the normal operation of the transmission system. Only the correct use of lubricating oil can effectively extend the working life of the clutch friction plate. At the same time, the correct oil can significantly improve the wear resistance of the gear, eliminate the phenomenon of clutch slippage, control the vibration and abnormal noise of the brake, increase the braking force, and provide greater traction. At present, the most used hydraulic transmission oil for the gearbox is 6# and 8# hydraulic transmission oil.
(4) Refer to the filter replacement cycle provided by the maintenance manual, replace the filter in time, and clean the filter screen, oil drain magnet plug, air plug, and fill the lubricating oil according to the standard amount. If the viscosity of transmission oil is too large, it will cause low transmission efficiency, poor fluidity, adverse heat dissipation, and local dry friction may occur between high-speed relative moving parts, which is not conducive to lubrication; If the viscosity of the transmission oil is too small, the leakage can be increased, causing the transmission control oil pressure to be too low, forming a fault, and the oil film strength between the transmission components with a large load is not enough, resulting in early wear of the transmission components, which is also not conducive to lubrication. At the same time, the gearbox in normal operation due to the gear oil mixing will produce a small amount of bubbles, in order to prevent the accumulation of bubbles, cavitation phenomenon, resulting in the reduction of the thickness of the oil film, thereby affecting the work of the gearbox internal clutch and its control valve, transmission oil must have the characteristics of anti-foaming. Therefore, the use of appropriate transmission oil can not only protect the transmission, extend the service life of the transmission, reduce the failure rate of the transmission, but also reduce the direct cost of transmission oil change maintenance and reduce the maintenance labor and maintenance parking time of the transmission.
(5) All kinds of lubricating oil must be pure, and after a period of precipitation, meet the specified quality requirements. Oil tools, containers and oil injection ports should be scrubbed clean to prevent water and dirt from entering the oil. The fuel level must be checked so that the vehicle is in a horizontal state both longitudinally and laterally. Be sure to check for oil leakage after refueling and oil change.
Therefore, it is very necessary to strengthen the fault prevention and daily maintenance of the gearbox in the daily use process, which can not only reduce the inefficiency and delay the working time caused by the shutdown and maintenance, but also prevent and avoid the occurrence of greater subsequent failures, reduce maintenance costs, and improve the safety of the machine.